Valve for internal-combustion engines.



G. W. FOWLER.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 1912.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

l. l 2 SHEETSSHELT 1. 9:

NVENTOR U/z ar/wh/Zm//n' BY v WITNESSES C. W. FOWLER.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 7, 1912.

1,1 1 7,020. Patented Nov. 10, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS CHARLES WESLEY FGWLER 0F LYNDON. KENTUCKY.

VALVE FOR INTERNALTCOMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1o, 1914.

.xppucgtionaled my 7, 1912. seriai no. 695,614.

T0 all 'whom It may concern Be it known 'that l, Cuantas W. Fownnn, a.citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lyndon, in the county ofJefferson and State o! Kentucky, have invented a new and Improved Valvefor Internal-Combustion Engines, of' which the following'is a full,clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to. an improvement in valves for internalcombustion engines, and the object thereof is to produce a constructionof this sort which can be applied to almost any gas engine without thenecessity of remodeling the same, andwhich will be perfectly easy andnoiseless 1n operation and free from the other defects of the p uppetvalve type; and in which quick opening and closing of the ports aresecnred,'owin`g tov thel long, narrow ports permissible in this typte ofvalve.A l

efercnce is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which the same characters of reference indicatethe same parts in all the views.

1 Figure 1 is a top plan of an internal combustion engine to which myvalve mechanism is applied; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of anenginecylinder to which my valves are applied, the plane of sectionbeing indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fi 3 is a sectional viewthrough the head o an en;V

gine cylinder containing my improved valves, the plane of section beingindicated by the line 3-3 on Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a detail sectional viewshowing a preferred form of operating connection or the valves; Fig. 5is another detail,=showiug one of the operat ing cams for the valvesFig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6- of Fig. 2, showing thevvalves in one operative position; and Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are similarsectional views in the same plane, showing the valves in other operativepositions.

On the drawings the numeral 1 represents a working cylinder inclosing afiring chamber, this cylinder being surrounded by the usual water jacket2.

-3 is a crank case upon which the cylinder 1 is mounted, and this caseis provided with ribs 4, which engage and rest upon a support.

Inside of the cylinder 1 reciprocates a piston 5, and his piston isconnected by a rod 6 to a crank 7 mounted upon a power shaft 8. Thispower shaft carries the usual flywheel 9.

In the top or working end of the cylinder 1 is formed a shoulder 10,this end of the cylinder being bored out so as to be of greater internaldiameter than the piston 5; and this end of the cylinder receives a pairof cylindrical sleeves 11 and 12 which fit against the shoulder 10 andare of approximately the same combined thickness as the width of thisshoulder, so that the internal diameter of the inner valve 11 is ofapproximately the same internal diameter as that of the cylinder 1.rl`he valve 12 is operated by means of a cross-bar 13, and the innervalve 11 is operated by means of a similar crossbar 14. The bar 13passes through diametrically opposite slots 15 in the inner valve 11,and the outer ends of both the bars 13 and 14 are fixed to thevalvesleeves 12 and 11, respectively, so as to turn them when these bars areactuated. The bar 14v is mounted upon a spindle 16, being secnred to thesame so that it cannot rotate on but must turn with the spindle 16, andis prevented from slipping ol the end of this spindle by means of abinding nut 17 or it may be an integral part of the spindle 16.

18 is a sleeve surrounding the spindle 16, and secureri to the other bar13 by any means which will connect these two elements rigidly to eachother, so as to compel them to move ltogether.

Suitable washers shown at 19 may be em ployed on the inner ends of thespindles 16v and 18, one of these washers being located between the bars13 and 14 and the other between the bar 13 and the cylinder head. Thenumeral 20 representsthe cylinder head which is hollow, as shown, inorder to provide space for a cooling Iiuid, and this head has a shoulder21 which fits inside of the enlarged bore of the cylinder 1.

22 is a central boss which projects inside of the inner valve sleeve 11,this boss being approximately of the same diameter as the internaldiameter of the valve sleeve 11, so Y as to make a snug lit withoutcausing the parts tobind. 'As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the boss 22 isapproximately cylindrical in shape, but it has recesses 22 in itslateral face at points which lie adjacent the inlet and exhaust passageof the motor, so as not to interfere with the 'free inllow and outflowof the fluid.

The spindle 16 is actuated by means of an arm 24, rigidly secured to itsouter end, and the tubular spindle 18 is actuated by means of a similararm 25. These arms have their outer ends located adjacent tubularsockets 26, mounted upon standards 2 7 carried by the cylinder head 22and these sockets carry springs 28. which engage the. outer ends of thearms 24 and 25.

29 are adjustable bolts supported by the arms 24and 25, which projectinto the path of a pair -of cams 30 and 30', the cam 30 engaging the arm24, and the. cam 30 the arm 25, to operate the valve sleeves and thuscontrol the inflow and outflow of gas to the firing chamber of theengine. The cams inA question are mounted upon a shaft. V31 earried inhearings 32 on the head of the. cylinder, this shaft being actuated by agear 33. This gear is engaged by'a' miter ear Y 34 upon a shaft 35,the-shaft 35 exten ing parallel with the cylinder. along the sidethereof and terminating at its lower end in a miter gear 3G. v This gear36 meshes with a similar miter gear 37 on a shaftr38, and this shaft 38carries a gear which meshes with a gear 39 on the power shaft 8.

The valve sleeve 11 is provided' with a pair of ports @arranged at lessthan 180 apart, and the valve lsleeve 12 is provided with a pair ofsimilarly-arranged ports 41,'

42 represents the inlet port through the cyl`v inder wall, and 43 theoutlet port, which are connected to conduits 44 and 45, respectively. 46is an ordinary igniter carried by the head 20. Normally the port-soccupy the position shown in Figs. 7 'and 8. The

outer sleeve 12 will have one port 41 lying in registry with the inletport 42, but. this port will be closed on the inside `by the sleeve 11,and the other port 41 of the sleeve 12 will be lout of registry with theopposite.

Vor exhaust port 43, owing to' the fact that the two ports 41 are not atopposite ends of al diameter.

The shaft 30 operates at half the speed,A

as is usual with four-cycle engines, and Fig. (5 represents the valvesin position to admit fuel; Fig. 7 represents thc valves in the positionthey occupy during compression; ["ig. 8 during expansion, and Fig. 9represents the exhaust. To admit fuel the cam 30 pushes the arm 24against its spring 28to :novo the arm and the crossbar 14, togetherSimilarly the. valve sleeve 11 will have one port 40 located 'adjacentthev positions, cut-ting oli the communication between the passage 42and t-heport 41 to the inside of the cylinder, as shown in Figs. 7 and8. This position of the part-s continues during the compression andfiring strokes, hut on the next stroke the cam 30 releases the, arm 25and thissarm is then moved clockwise by means of the spring 28, to turnthe-crossliar 13 and thev outer valve 12 into the position shown in Fig.9. This carries the port 41 adjacent the passage 43 into registry withthe exhaust passage, so that theA gases can flow out through. the port40, port 41. and the passage '13, as shown in Fig. 9.

As soon as the exhausting is finished the fuel; and the spring engagingthe 'arm 24 returns it to its original position to cut. oif the inletpassage and put the opposite port 40 into position to register with theexhaust passage 43 when the tother valve 12 is actuated. The camv30'permits the arm 25 to be actuated by the spring 28 to move the outervalve into position to allow the xhaust to take place through thepassage 43 and adjacent ports 40 and 41, and is re turned to its s1arting position by the action of the ram fill'. alter (lic recesstherein has passed the adjustable bolt 29 carried by the arm Itwill Vbenotedthat the head 22 fits into the inner valve. 11 a considerabledistance, the amount being governed by the volume allowed forcompression space, and

that this' head contains a cavityY for enclin" water, shown at and asthe bars 13 and 14 are located near the innerl end cf the headthey-"will be. subjectedto the cooling effec-t of the water which thehead contains. It is further to be noted that my valve construction willrun smooth and neiselcsslv, and the wear thereon will he reduced to aminimum. At the same time, my'invention .can be appliedA to almost anyAtwo or fouri cycle cngine'nou on the market without the necessity ofrc-modeling the same, .merely by boring out the head cnd of the same toform the shoulder 10, against which tls;A valves 11 and l2 fit.

In adaptiog'iny valve for use on two- 1 cycle engines, I can make anengine of this type having a detachable head, close the inlet andexhaust ports and then form the shoulder 10 to receive the valves 11 and12.

Thecylindrical valves which I show and describe can of course beoperated by other gearing than the type shown, the mechanism employed tooperate the same being immaterial. Furthermore, the ports and 41 in thecylindrical valvesvare so positioned that theynever open both the inletand exhaust openings 42 and 43 at the same time.

It. is not essential that the inlet and exhaust ports 42 and 43 be 180apart, but merely structurally convenient to locate them in Suchrelation; and it is thisA form that I illustrate on the drawings.

I wish to have it understood that the above description is illustrativeonly, dis-v closing but one embodiment of my invention, and that I donot care to be limited to the details thereof, but reserve to myself theright to make whatever changes in the shape, si'/.e and'arrangement ofthe parts fairly fall within the scope and spirit of my invention.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. A valve construeion for internal combustion engines, vcomprising apair of hollow cylindricalvalves having telus-coping cngagement witheach .other,'a cross-bar for operating each'of said valves locatedwithin ythe same, and .means for .operating said cross-bars to turn thevalves independently, the inner valve having slots through which the barfor the outer valve passes.

9.. In van improvement of the kind described, the combination of a pairof hollow cylindrical valves, one of said valves having teiescopingengagement with "the other, a power cylinder inclosing said valves, saidpower cylinder having inlet and exhaust passages, and each of saidvalves having a pair of ports extending laterally therethrough, meansfor holding one of the said valves in position to keep one of the portsthereof in alinement with one of the pas sages,'means for holding theother valve. in positie-n to keep one of its ports in alinement with theother of the said passages, and

means for operating each of said valves by turns to bring its other portinto registry with the alined port of the othcr'valvc to opencommunication to the interior of the power cylinder through saidpassages.

3. In an improvement of the kind dc scribed, the combination of a. pairof hollow cylindrical valves 'navingtclescoping engagement with eachother, a eylindc'r having a power Chamber receiving said valves, saidcylinder having a. passage tlzeii'sthrough, each of said valves having aport A'extending through the wall thereof, means for norv mally holdingone of said valves in position to retain its port in alinement with saidpassage, aud means for operating the other valve to bring its port'intoregistry with the said passage and the alined port of the first valve toopen communication to the interior of said cylinder.

It. In an improvement of the kind described, the combination of acylinder having a power chamber, a pair of hollow cylindrical valveshaving telescoping engagement with each other located within said powerchamber, said cylinder having inlet and exhaust passages, the outer ofsaid valves having a pair of ports, means for holding said valves tokeepl one of said ports in alinement with the inlet passage, the innervalve also having a pair of ports, Ameans for holding said valve inposition to keep one of its ports in alinement with the exhaust passage,means for operating the inner valve to bring its other port into-registry with the first-named port ofthe outer val ve., and the inlet passageto 'establish communication with the inside of the cylinder, and meansfor operating the .outer valve to bring its other port intocommunication with the first-named port of the inner valve to establishcommunication between the exhaust passage and the inside of saidcylinder` l In an improvement of the kind described, the combination ofan oscillatable valve, a stem for operating the same, an arm on saidstem, an adjustable projection carried by said arm, means for engagingsaid projection to move the arm to actuate the valve in one direction,and a socket having a spring therein for engaging the outer end of saidarm to move the valve in the opposite direction.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the

one within the other, operating shafts passing through the bearing inthe head and connected to the valves,

drical valves in said cylinder, one of said valves being contained bythe other valve, means for operating the one valve, and means having aportion projecting through the wall of one valve and engaging the other'valve for operating the other valve.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a pair ofvalves, one of said valves bein located adjacent the other valve, acyhnder nclosing the valves and a shaft mounted upon said head andprovided with combination of a cylinder having a head at one end, thebore of said cylinder being enlarged at said end, a pair of cylindricalsleeve valves in the enlarged portion of the bore at the head end of thecylinder and an ranged onevwithin the other, the cylinder head extendinginside the inner sleevevalve, the cylinder having a pair of passagesthrough its walls, and each of said valves having a pair of ports' outof diametric alinement, one port of one valve being normally Ainalinement with one of said passages, and one port of the other valvebeing normally in alinement with the other passage, and means foroperating said valves to bring the other port of either valve intoregistry with the-alined .port of the other valve.

10. In an internal combustion engine the combination of a cylinderhaving a head at one end, the bore of said cylinder being en- 1;"

larged at said end forminr a shoulder, a pair of cylindrical valvesfitted in the enlarged portion of the bore and arranged one within theother, the internal diameter of the inner valve being ofapproximately'the saine internal diameter as that of the body of thecylinder, the cylinder having an inlet and an exhaust passage and thecylinder head pro]ecting inside the inner valve, each of said valveshaving a pair of ports out of diametrie alinement, one port of one valvebeing normally in alinement with one of said passages of the cylinder,and one port of the other valve being normally in alinenient with theother passage, and 'means for operating each of said valves by turns, tobring its other port into registry with the alined port of the othervalve, and to return

